Clinical Osteology, 2025 (vol. 30), issue 2

Editorial

Několik slov úvodem

prof. MUDr. Vladimír Palička, CSc., Dr.h.c.

Clin Osteol 2025; 30(2): 67

Main theme

Osteoporosis and diabetes mellitus

Ludmila Brunerová

Clin Osteol 2025; 30(2): 71-76

Diabetes mellitus is associated with increased risk of osteoporotic fractures although pathophysiologic mechanisms may differ. In accordance with recent ADA/IOF updated guidelines, specific assessment of fracture risk and screening of osteoporosis should be involved in standard management of patients with diabetes. In real clinical practice, however, insufficient attention is paid to bone health in patients with diabetes. Entire diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are (with some specifics) similar to those in general population, the main difference being the therapeutic threshold (antiosteoporotic treatment should be considered in T-skóre ≤...

Bone metabolism in primary hyperparathyroidism

Judita Klímová

Clin Osteol 2025; 30(2): 77-81

Primary hyperparathyroidism is a generalized disorder of calcium-phosphate metabolism with an increasing incidence. Long-term overproduction of parathyroid hormone with varying degrees of hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria leads to a wide range of complications, from life-threatening hypercalcemic crisis, through diffuse kidney damage, to neurocognitive, metabolic and cardiovascular abnormalities. Bone damage, caused by the predominance of osteoresorption over new formation, is characterized by reduced bone density, impaired bone microarchitecture and an increased risk of vertebral and non-vertebral fractures. Advanced forms of bone damage with the formation...

Pseudohypoparathyroidism: case report

Dana Michalská

Clin Osteol 2025; 30(2): 82-88

Pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) is a rare metabolic disorder characterized by biochemical signs of hypoparathyroidism (hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia), increased secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH), and resistance in target tissues to the biological action of PTH. PHP is caused by genetic or epigenetic abnormalities in the guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-stimulating gene (GNAS) and is classified as PHP1A or PHP1B, depending on the site of the genetic abnormality. In our case report, we publish the case of a 31-year-old man with PHP type 1B, which was diagnosed accidentally after a head injury. The patient did not have Albright...

Review articles

Forestiere disease and fracture risk

Pavol Masaryk

Clin Osteol 2025; 30(2): 100-107

Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH, Forestier's disease) is a systemic non-inflammatory disease of the musculoskeletal system, causing ossification and calcification of the spinal ligaments and attachments around the joints. Although the spine appears robust with richly formed bone, it is actually more prone to fracture in individuals with DISH compared to unaffected individuals. Fractures are caused by a unique "lever-like" mechanism created by bone bridges. Spinal fractures in DISH can be easily missed with plain X-rays, so a CT or MRI scan is recommended if a fracture is suspected. Spinal bone density measured by both DXA and QCT tends...

Muscle mass of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and the effect of treatment

Stela Kašperová, Lenka Tarabčáková, Barbora Kašperová, Mária Páterková, Emőke Šteňová

Clin Osteol 2025; 30(2): 108-113

Sarcopenia is a progressive disease characterized by the loss of skeletal muscle mass, both in volume and function. Although it was originally considered a consequence of physiological ageing, it is now known to occur in connection with chronic diseases, particularly inflammatory ones. Rheumatoid arthritis is a prototype of a systemic autoimmune disease, in which there is not only joint damage but also extra-articular manifestations, including changes in body composition. Until recently, the loss of muscle mass and strength in these patients was attributed mainly to musculoskeletal dysfunction due to pain, disability, and chronic corticosteroid use....

MikroRNA ako potencionálne bioprediktory pre osteoporózu

Karolína Kubalová, Marta Mydlárová Blaščáková

Clin Osteol 2025; 30(2): 114-120

Osteoporóza je celosvetovo vysoko frekventované ochorenie s vysokou morbiditou a mortalitou v dôsledku zlomenín. Príčinou osteoporózy je prevaha osteoresorpcie nad novotvorbou kostí. Štúdium nových epigenetických faktorov spojených s týmto ochorením môže rozšíriť poznatky o patogenéze a epidemiológii tohto ochorenia. Spomedzi známych epigenetických mechanizmov sú miRNA jedným z najviac študovaných regulátorov génovej expresie. miRNA majú kľúčovú úlohu pri regulácii kostnej homeostázy a metabolizme. Sú prítomné v telesných tekutinách vrátane séra, čo naznačuje, že cirkulujúce miRNA by mohli slúžiť ako jednoduché neinvazívne biomarkery pre diagnostiku...

Original contributions

Treatment of osteoid osteoma in children and adolescents by radiofrequency ablation

Paulína Kubičková, Jana Bevilaqua, Matúš Halas, Pavol Rendek, Milan Kokavec

Clin Osteol 2025; 30(2): 90-95

Osteoid osteoma is the third most common benign bone tumor in children and adolescents. It accounts for around 11 % of benign bone tumours and 5 % of all bone tumours. It occurs typically in children and adolescents between age of 5 and 25 years, with a predominance in boys. A typical clinical symptom is nocturnal pain, which resolves after administration of aspirin or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In the past, except of conservative treatment, only surgical therapy available for treatment, was en bloc resection of the tumour. With science and technological progress, there is percutaneous CT-guided radiofrequency ablation. Radiofrequency...

Biosimilar denosumab CT-P41 in the treatment of osteoporosis

Karel Urbánek

Clin Osteol 2025; 30(2): 96-99

Denosumab is an IgG2 monoclonal antibody targeted against receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B (RANKL) ligand, a key regulator of bone resorption by osteocytes. Therapy with this biologic is an effective and safe treatment option for osteoporosis of various aetiologies. Denosumab CT-P41 is a biosimilar that was registered by the European Medicines Agency in March 2025 under the name Stoboclo for use in osteology. In preclinical and clinical trials, it has demonstrated quality, safety and efficacy in the treatment of bone loss comparable to the brand-name. Its introduction into clinical practice will improve the availability of expensive biological...