Clin Osteol 2025; 30(1): 42-45
Palopegteriparatid - postavenie v liečbe hypoparatyreózyPřehledové články
- V. interná klinika LF UK a UNB, Bratislava
Hypoparatyreóza je vzácne endokrinologické ochorenie charakterizované nedostatočnou sekréciou parathormónu, ktorá vedie k hypokalciémii a jej závažným klinickým dôsledkom. Hoci existuje viacero etiologických foriem, najčastejšie vzniká po chirurgickom odstránení prištítnych teliesok, napríklad pri totálnej tyreoidektómii. Diagnostika je založená na nízkej koncentrácii parathormónu v kombinácii s hypokalciémiou a ďalšími biochemickými zmenami. Klinické prejavy sú rôznorodé - od miernych neurologických symptómov až po život ohrozujúce komplikácie, ako sú laryngospazmy či srdcové arytmie. Dlhodobé komplikácie zahŕňajú nefrolitiázu, renálnu insuficienciu a zmeny v kostnej remodelácii. Štandardná liečba spočíva v substitúcii aktívneho vitamínu D a perorálneho kalcia, avšak táto terapia nie vždy dokáže dostatočne regulovať metabolizmus vápnika bez rizika hyperkalciúrie a renálneho poškodenia. Novo vyvíjané liečebné možnosti, ako je palopegteriparatid (TransCon PTH), predstavujú potenciálny prelom v manažmente hypoparatyreózy. Ide o inovatívnu formu parathormónu s dlhodobým účinkom, ktorá umožňuje stabilizáciu kalciémie pri minimalizácii potreby suplementácie kalcia a vitamínu D. Klinické štúdie ukazujú významné zlepšenie kvality života pacientov a redukciu výskytu komplikácií. Hoci palopegteriparatid vykazuje vysokú účinnosť a bezpečnostný profil, jeho dostupnosť na Slovensku a v Českej republike je zatiaľ obmedzená. Jeho schválenie a zaradenie do terapeutických možností by mohlo zásadne zmeniť prístup k liečbe hypoparatyreózy a zlepšiť prognózu pacientov.
Klíčová slova: hypoparatyreóza, štandardná terapia, komplikácie, palopegteriparatid.
The role of palopegteriparatide in the treatment of hypoparathyroidism
Hypoparathyroidism is a rare endocrine disorder characterized by insufficient secretion of parathyroid hormone, leading to hypocalcemia and its severe clinical consequences. While there are various etiological forms, the most common cause is post-surgical removal of the parathyroid glands, such as after total thyroidectomy. Diagnosis is based on low parathyroid hormone levels combined with hypocalcemia and other biochemical changes. Clinical manifestations range from mild neurological symptoms to life-threatening complications such as laryngospasms and cardiac arrhythmias. Long-term complications include nephrolithiasis, renal insufficiency, and alterations in bone remodeling. The standard treatment consists of active vitamin D and oral calcium supplementation; however, this therapy does not always adequately regulate calcium metabolism without the risk of hypercalciuria and nephropathy. Newly developed treatment options, such as palopegteriparatide (TransCon PTH), represent a potential breakthrough in hypoparathyroidism management. This innovative form of parathyroid hormone has a prolonged effect, enabling calcium stabilization while minimizing the need for calcium and vitamin D supplementation. Clinical studies demonstrate significant improvements in patients' quality of life and a reduction in complication rates. Although palopegteriparatide shows high efficacy and a favorable safety profile, its availability in Slovakia and Czechia remains limited. Its approval and inclusion in therapeutic options could significantly change the approach to hypoparathyroidism treatment and improve patient outcomes.
Keywords: hypoparathyroidism, standard therapy, complications, palopegteriparatide.
Zveřejněno: 1. březen 2025 Zobrazit citaci
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