Několik slov úvodem

prof. MUDr. Vladimír Palička, CSc., Dr.h.c.

Clin Osteol 2026; 31(1): 03

Onkologie a kost

prof. MUDr. Pavel Horák, CSc.

Clin Osteol 2026; 31(1): 06

Primary bone tumours: An Orthopaedic Perspective

Jiří Gallo, Tomáš Tomáš

Clin Osteol 2026; 31(1): 7-11 | DOI: 10.36290/clo.2026.001

Primary bone tumors represent a heterogeneous and relatively rare group of lesions whose biological behavior ranges from benign incidental findings to highly malignant sarcomas. The WHO classification (2020) categorizes tumors according to histogenesis (osteogenic, chondrogenic, etc.); however, for clinical practice, the key distinction is between benign, intermediate (locally aggressive and, in rare cases, metastasizing), and malignant lesions. A crucial clinical task is early triage: to distinguish lesions suitable for observation or elective treatment from suspected malignancies requiring urgent further evaluation and management in a specialized...

Bone mestastases - a comprehensive overview

Martin Marhefka, Aviv Philip Goncharov, Elad Ben Aharon Farzalla, Martina Spisarová, Bohuslav Melichar

Clin Osteol 2026; 31(1): 12-15 | DOI: 10.36290/clo.2026.002

Bone is one of the organs most commonly affected in patients with cancer. The skeletal involvement can be primary or secondary (metastatic), with bone metastases present in up to 70-80 % of all malignancies. In approximately 80 % of patients, bone metastases are caused by four primary tumours: breast, lung, renal and prostatic carcinoma. That is due to both the high incidence and the preference of these tumours to invade into the skeleton. The diagnosis of bone metastases is based on the clinical presentation, laboratory parameters, and confirmatory imaging methods. Subsequent therapy which includes chemotherapy, immunotherapy, hormone therapy, supportive...

Management of osteoporosis and fracture risk in women with hormone-sensitive breast cancer treated with aromatase inhibitors: a working draft of updated clinical practice recommendations

Dana Michalská, Martina Zimovjanová, Jana Přibylová, Dominika Svobodová, Vít Zikán

Clin Osteol 2026; 31(1): 16-24 | DOI: 10.36290/clo.2026.003

Adjuvant therapy with aromatase inhibitors (AIs) is a standard component of treatment for hormone-sensitive breast cancer; however, it is associated with accelerated bone mineral density loss and an increased risk of osteoporosis and fractures. Current international recommendations emphasize the need for systematic fracture risk assessment both at the initiation of AI therapy and throughout its course, as well as for the timely implementation of preventive and therapeutic measures. In all patients, lifestyle and nutritional interventions are recommended, including regular physical activity, adequate calcium intake, and vitamin D supplementation. Antiresorptive...

Comprehensive overview of bone disease in oncology patients

Beata Špániková

Clin Osteol 2026; 31(1): 26-34 | DOI: 10.36290/clo.2026.004

The issue of bone changes in cancer patients an interesting and important part of supportive care for cancer patients. The incidence of many cancers is increasing, thanks to advances in treatment options, many cancer patients are surviving for a long time. Decrease in bone density is often result of the cancer disease itself and/or adverse event of anticancer therapy. Therefore, solving this problem is of great importance for the quality of life of long-term survivors. In this article we present an overview of the most common skeletal complications, their underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnostic and differential diagnostic and the therapeutic...

Tumor-induced osteomalacia - a rare cause of hypophosphatemia in patients at an osteology clinic

Henrieta Halmová, Filip Halm, Peter Sečník, Andrej Vondrák, Ján Koreň, Mojmír Ducár

Clin Osteol 2026; 31(1): 36-44 | DOI: 10.36290/clo.2026.005

Tumour-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome caused by benign tumours of the mesenchymal origin. It is characterized by the excessive production of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), which subsequently leads to hypophosphatemia and osteomalacia. In the article, we present a case report of the 57-year-old female patient who, after a relatively protracted diagnostic process, was diagnosed with TIO caused by the benign tumor of mesenchymal origin, called sinonasal glomangiopericytoma. In this case report, we further discuss the pathophysiology of a hypophosphatemic osteomalacia, its differential diagnosis and the treatment options...

Importance of B vitamins for the neuromusculoskeletal system

Milan Grofik, Katarína Kramár

Clin Osteol 2026; 31(1): 49-52 | DOI: 10.36290/clo.2026.007

The B vitamins represent a chemically heterogeneous group of eight hydrophilic essential compounds. In the human body, they play an important role as coenzymes in various cellular reactions. The B vitamins have long been known for their irreplaceable role in the proper functioning of the nervous system, but in recent years, scientific knowledge has been increasing supporting their important role in maintaining the physiological functions of the muscular and skeletal systems. They are also necessary for adequate regeneration of damaged musculoskeletal tissues in various disease states. Data from "Evidence-Based Medicine" postulate them as effective...

Diagnosis and treatment of osteoporotic vertebral fractures

Martin Bibza, Michal Božík, Mário Malina, Boris Šteňo

Clin Osteol 2026; 31(1): 55-64 | DOI: 10.36290/clo.2026.008

Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures represent the most common clinical manifestation of osteoporosis and a major cause of morbidity in the elderly population. Successful management requires accurate identification of fractures, differentiation between acute and chronic fractures, assessment of stability, and comprehensive evaluation of functional status and frailty. The AO Spine-DGOU classification and Osteoporotic Fracture (OF) score provide a structured framework for assessing fracture morphology and guide decision-making between conservative treatment and surgical procedures. Conservative therapy is appropriate for stable fractures without...

An optimized protocol for RNA and microRNA isolation from human mineralized femoral neck bone tissue

Květa Vrablíková, Marcela Slavíčková, Helena Párová, Petr Hoza

Clin Osteol 2026; 31(1): 45-48 | DOI: 10.36290/clo.2026.006

Low-trauma proximal femur fractures are among the most serious complications of osteoporosis. MicroRNAs regulate bone remodeling and cellular senescence, yet extracting high-quality RNA from mineralized human bone remains technically challenging and insufficiently standardized. This study aimed to develop and optimize a reproducible protocol for collecting and processing femoral neck bone biopsies obtained during total hip arthroplasty, enabling isolation of total RNA including the small RNA fraction (< 200 nt) and subsequent targeted expression analysis of specific microRNAs. Forty-six patients were enrolled (21 osteoporotic fractures, 25 osteoarthritis)....

Latest research and news in osteology

Emőke Šteňová

Clin Osteol 2026; 31(1): 65-66